Vertical water-tube boiler.



E. G. FISHER.

VERTICAL WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY'Z'T, 1908.

Patented Sept. 7,1909.

\NgeNESSEs'.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFion.

ELBERT OURTISS FISHER, OF SAGINAW, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE WICKESBOILER 00., OF SAGINAW, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

VERTICAL WATER-TUBE BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. '7, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELBERT CURTIss FISHER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in VerticalWater-Tube Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull,.clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use thesame.

My invention relates to vertical water tube boilers comprising a muddrum, a water and steam drum located above the mud drum, and verticalwater tubes connecting the drums.

The main objects attained by my invention are: First, the setting up ofan ascending and descending circulation of water. Second, the novelseparation of the steam and water in the steam drum, and third, thetransfer of the water elevated by the ascending current from theascending to the descending side of the drum without loss byfriction,.thereby maintaining a water level constant on both sides ofthe drum. Fourth, the provision of a partition within the steam drumwhich operates as a separator for the steam and water and also acts as astrong and powerful brace for the drum.

In my invention, the entire boiler is divided into what I may termascending and descending sides, both as regards the gas and water andsteam. This is attained by the provision of a division wall extendingvertically upward from the mud drum and separating the tubes into twosets. These sets I shall designate as the riser tubes and the descendingtubes respectively. This divisional wall conducts the gases upwarddirectly from the furnace, the gases. impinging against the bottom ofthe steam drum and being led downward on the opposite side of thedivisional wall to the stack. In their passage upward, the gases arehottest and envelop the riser tubes which absorb nearly one-half of theheat from the gas. Obviously, this materially lowers the temperature ofthe products of combustion passing downward on the opposite side of thedi- 'visional wall and enveloping the descending tubes, so that a lessdegree of heat is imparted to the latter. The divisional wall dividesthe boiler into ascending and descending sides so far as the gas isconcerned. Cooperating with the division wall is a 'bafiie extendingapproximately vertically upward within the steam drum and in substantialalinement with the division wall. This baffle converts thesingle druminto a double steam drum and separates the riser tubes dischargingebullient water into the drum from the descending tubes which lead thewater from the steam drum. It further separates the water from the steamliberated by the water on the ascending side of the drum, (with whichside the riser tubes communicate) from the dry steam in the steamstorage chamber (with which chamber the descending tubes communicate).The baflie prevents the ebullient water from disturbing the entire areaof water in the steam drum by confining such ebullition to the ascendingside of the drum.

Another object of my invention is to produce a baffle plate which shallprevent the discharge of water or flying spray into the steam leavingthe boiler nozzle.

To these and other ends, therefore, my invention consists of certainnovel features and combinations such as will be more fully describedhereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewthrough a steam drum equipped with my invention. Fig. 2 is a similarview taken at right angles to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal crosssectional view on line w00 of Fig. 1.

At the tube liberating point of steam and water in the steam drum of anywater tube boiler, a powerful ebullition is set up. This tends to raisethe level of the water over the riser tubes high above the level of thewater over the descending tubes and also disturbs the entire body ofwater in the steam drum where the liberating tubes discharge. Suchebullition also interferes with the circulation of the water in theboiler and induces priming in the steam drum. To avoid thesedisadvantages, baffle plates of different forms have been provided. Alsoothers have attempted to overcome these disadvantages by providingseparate drums with which the riser tubes and the descending tubesrespectively communicate, such drums being connected by cross tubes.This oonstructionis faulty because the cross tubes throttle thedeliveryof Water from onedr'um l to the other, and fail to equalize thewater level in the two drums. u p I In my invention, I provide a baftleconsisting of a' partition t arranged vertically in and extendingdiametrically across the steam drum A from top to bottom. This partitionlies between the riser tubes 1, and a the descending tubes 3,.and servesto confine the ebullition from the riser tubes to the inlet side of thedrum.

I spe'ctiv'ely of the drum. The partition may be secured to the tubesheet and dished head 7 in any suitable manner as by riveting. The

partition separates the steam drum into two chambers or compartmentswhich I will call u the liberating chamber and the steam storagechainbercommu'nica-ting with each other through a series of apertnres 5 in thepartition near its lower end, the combined area of which series ofapertu'res'is equal to or greater than the area of the riser tubes 1 orthe descending tubes This affords a perfoot freedom of circulation ofwater from the ascending to the descending side of the steam drum andprevents strangulation. The upper end of the partition is apertured asat 6 her the escape of steam froi'nthe liberating chamber into, thesteam storage chamber. The steam discharge pipe 2 is preferably locatedabove the descending tubes 3. The partition operates to separate thesteam mingled with the water that is projected up through the risertubes in the liberating chamber and before it passes to the storagechamber or to the discharge pipe. The height in drum A from the Waterlevel to the apertures 6 in the partition, as above described, furtheracts as a separator to remove the spray from the steam because thesteam, when liberated on the ascending side rises vertically to theupper end of the libcrating chamber; then changing its direction, passeshorizontally through the apertures 6' in the partition into the steamstorage chamber, and the spray, it any, is precipitated loy thediaphragms around apertures 6 into the liberating chamber. To enter theoutlet pipe 2, the steam changes its course from horizontal to verticalagain.

It will he understood the steam near 77 the surface of the water carrieswith it a considerable portion of water on the ascendl have distubesinto twosets.

water will be separated from thesteam in the liberating chamber bygravity and 'betore the steam passes through apertures 6 to f the steamstorage chamber. This results in increasing its velocity so that onlythe light 7 steam passes through the apertures 6, the

heavier water and spray beingprecipitated into the liberating chamber,ThujsjI pro vide a high steam chamber in which the steam liberated bythewater from the riser 7 tubes ascends, suchsteam carrying with itentrained water in the form :of spray. By reason "of the comparativelygreat height to which the steam must ascend before attainlevel isequalizedin botlrcha'inbers of the drum, which 'equalizationV is neverobtained 9 in the two-drum construction, owing to the throttled area ofdelivery from the front drum-to the middle drum; I Y

Many boilers are very sensitive, the direction of the wind beingsuilieie'nt to reverse 9 the circulation in the tubes. In a boilerconstructed in accordance with my invention, the circulation is fixed orconstant; The water is caused to ascend throu h the riser tubes anddescend through the "own-"comer 1 tubes, lay-reason of the wall 9,preferably or tile, which divides the vertica' 1y extending Thisdivision wall -operates to lead-the products of combustion when at theirhighest temperature upward around the riser tubes 1, tothe steam drumand thence downward around the tubes 3 thereby setting up a =diflerencein temperature. Because ot such higher temperature on the ascending side otthe boilenthe water in the 1 riser times is caused to"ascend into the fiber-- ating chamber, the water in the "steam storage"chamber being permitted to descend through the relatively cooler down-corner tubes on the opposite side of the division 1 wall '9. It isobvious that without the divi si-on wall, no "etlectivepredeterminedcirculm tion could be obtained as the-tubes and contentswould all be of equal temperature. Furthermore the combination of thebattle 1 with "the division wall separates the boiler int-o ascendingand descending sides respectively,-ior the'gas -and the steamand water.Having thus hilly disclosed invention, what 1 claim as newis i 1. Incomb nation with a vertical water tube boiler having a steam drum, avertical partitionsep arati-Irg'the drum into-(two chamb'e-rs, risertubes communicating with one chamber and down-comer tubes communicat ling with the other chamber, said partition being provided with a seriesof apertures near its lower edge for equalizing the level of the Waterin the two chambers, the partition also provided with a second series ofapertures near its upper edge, said second series being separated fromthe lower series of apertures by an unperforated portion of thepartition, whereby said partition operates as a baflie to cause theprecipitation of mechanically suspended water.

2. The combination with a vertical water tube boiler having a steamdrum, a plurality of tubes communicating with the drum, a wallinterposed between and dividing the tubes into riser and down-comertubes re spectively, and a partition in the drum arranged in alinementwith the division wall, the partition separating the drum into twochambers, the riser tubes communicating with one chamber, the down-comertubes communicating with the other chamber, the partition being providedwith a series of apertures near its lower edge for equalizing the levelof the water in the two chambers, the partition also provided with asecond series of apertures near its upper edge, said second series beingseparated from the lower series of apertures by an unperforated portionof the partition, whereby said partition operates as a bafile to causethe precipitation of mechanically suspended water.

3. A steam drum for boilers having riser and down-comer tubescommunicating therewith, a partition constituting a combined brace andbaffle extending from top to bottom of the drum anddividing the druminto two chambers with which the riser and down-comer tubes respectivelycommunicate, the partition being provided with a series of aperturesnear its lower edge for equalizing the level of water in the twochambers, the partition also provided with a second series of aperturesnear its upper edge, said second series being separated from the lowerseries of apertures by an unperforated portion of the partition, wherebysaid partition operates as a battle to cause the precipitation ofmechanically suspended water, and means fastened to the top and bottomof the drum and to the upper and lower ends of the partitionrespectively, to maintain it in position as a brace for the drum;

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ELBERT GURTISS FISHER.

Witnesses:

LOUIS SMITH, FRANK H. PAYNE.

